Some materials were traded very widely, such as copper and marine shells.

Wood Working
Axes and celts were used to cut down and shape the wood for the houses, as well as many other purposes. The oldest axes (Middle Archaic period) have a groove extending all around the axe haft area. More recent axes (Late Archaic period) have a groove that extends one-half to three-quarters of the way around the haft. The youngest celts (Oneota) have no groove and are usually much smaller.

From left to right: Fully-grooved axe, three-quarter grooved axe, and celt.

Beaver incisors were cut from the jaw and used as tools, probably for woodworking.

Beaver jaw and tooth.

Chert artifacts such as knives and drills were also used.

Drills and a knife.

Hide Working
Clothing was probably made from tanned deer hide, as well as other animal furs. Drills made from stone and bone were used to punch holes in the hide to sew pieces together. Scrapers were hafted to a stick handle and used prepare hides.

Bone awl.