SOCIOLOGY/ARCHEOLOGY (SOC/ARC)

Professors: Bendiksen, Berg, Bilby, Bulk (Chair), Gallagher, Lloyd, Sheils, Smith, S., Theler, Zollweg; Associate Professors: Gedicks, Lazinger, Mouser, N.; Assistant Professor: Vogt; Lecturer: Rodell.

Major and/or minor requirements differ for students in the College of Business Administration, the College of Liberal Studies, and the College of Science and Allied Health from those in the School of Education and the College of Health, Physical Education and Recreation. See separate listing below.

Credit by Examination
Sociology majors and minors may earn credit by examination for SOC 200, Sociological Foundations. The examination is made up of a multiple choice component and an essay component; each component is graded separately, and to earn credit by examination, students must earn a "C" on both components. For more information, contact the department chair.

Sociology Major
(Liberal Studies, Business, Science and Allied Health)--36 credits, including SOC 200, 302 or any four 300 or 400 level sociology courses, 350, 390 or 395, and any one of the following four courses: 402, 405, 480 or 499. The remaining 21 credits will consist of sociology electives to be selected in consultation with a faculty adviser in sociology. Up to six credits in anthropology may be included in the sociology major if taken at the 200-level or above. Anthropology credits applied to the sociology major cannot be applied to the anthropology minor or archaeological studies major. To declare a major in sociology, in the College of Liberal Studies, a student must have completed 15 credits and have a minimum cumulative GPA of 2.30.

Archaeological Studies Major
(Business, Liberal Studies, Science and Allied Health, Health, Physical Education, and Recreation)--Undergraduate students may declare their major as pre-archaeological studies majors. Only those students who have been admitted to the program are classified as archaeological studies majors. Admission to the major is limited and based on the following minimal requirements.

Entrance requirements:

1. Prior to application for the major, the following archaeology courses must be completed with a minimum GPA of 3.00: ARC 200, ARC/HST 204, and one other 200-level ARC course
2. An overall GPA of 2.50 for all university work completed
3. Completion of 32 credits
4. Completion of the Archaeological Studies Major application form

1. Required courses: ARC 200, 402, 499, ARC/HST 204
2. Six credits (at least two courses) from: ARC 205, 310, 333, 350, 399, 409, 433, ARC/HST 265, 275, 331, 332, 340, 365, 366, ARC/ANT 285, ART 351
3. Six credits (at least two courses) from ARC 403, 404, 435, 450, SOC 350, GEO/ESC 250, 323, 326, 343, 345, 390, 440, APH 202
4. Nine credits (at least three courses) from: ANT 203, 250, 332, 342, 343, 350, 352, 356, 409, 444, ARC/ANT 304, ANT/SOC 300

Anthropology credits applied to the archaeological studies major may not be applied to the anthropology minor or the sociology major or minor.

Sociology Minor
(Business, Liberal Studies, Science and Allied Health)--21 credits, including SOC 200, and electives in sociology. Up to six credits in anthropology may be included in the sociology minor if taken at the 200-level and above. Anthropology credits applied to the sociology major or minor cannot be applied to the anthropology minor or archeological studies major.

Anthropology Minor
(Business, Liberal Studies, Science and Allied Health)--21 credits, including ANT 101, 203 and electives in anthropology. Up to nine credits in archaeological studies and/or six credits in sociology above the 100 level may be applied. Anthropology credits applied to the archaeological studies major or the sociology major or minor may not be applied to the anthropology minor.

Sociology Major
(Elementary/Middle/Secondary Education, Health Education, Physical Education, Recreation)--36 credits, including SOC 200, 302 or any four 300 or 400 level sociology courses, 350, 390 or 395, and at least one course from each of the following areas:

1. Social organization and processes: SOC 212, 216, 240, 260, 310, 311, 315, 370, 411, 412, 420
2. Social psychology: SOC 325, 330, 334, 335, 336
3. Comparative sociology and anthropology: SOC 225, 480 or any course in anthropology
4. Social problems and social change: SOC 120, 313, 314, 320, 321, 322, 324, 417, 422, 429, 475
5. Remaining electives may be selected from any of the course offerings in sociology. Up to six credits in anthropology may be applied toward the sociology major. Anthropology credits applied to the sociology major cannot be applied to the anthropology minor or archaeological studies major. GEO 200, EFN 200 and C-I 381 are statutory/administrative code in the major.

Sociology Minor
(Elementary/Middle/Secondary Education, Health Education, Physical Education, Recreation)--22 credits, including SOC 200, 395, one course from SOC 212, 216, 310, 311, 314, 315, 411; one course from SOC 120, 225, 320, 321, and 322; either SOC 330 or 334; and one course from anthropology if taken at the 200 level or above. Anthropology credits applied to the sociology minor cannot be applied to the anthropology minor or archaeological studies major. GEO 200, EFN 200 and C-I 381 are statutory/administrative code requirements that must be taken in addition to the courses in the minor.

Anthropology Minor
(Elementary/Middle/Secondary Education, Health Education, Physical Education, Recreation)--22 credits, including ANT 101, 203, and 350. The remaining credits may be selected from the following: ANT 250, 300, 331, 343, 355, 356; and ARC 205. (GEO 200, EFN 200 and C-I 381 are statutory/administrative code requirements that must be taken in addition to the courses in the minor.) Up to nine credits in archaeological studies and/or six credits in sociology above the 100 level may be applied. Archaeological studies majors may not count their nine required elective anthro-pology credits toward the anthropology minor.

Social Studies Major
(Secondary Education)--See description of this broadfield major on p. 83.

Sociology Honors Program
Honors Program is designed to stimulate and acknowledge work of greater depth, breadth and originality by students whose interest and resources make them eligible for this voluntary program.

1. Admission
   1. Junior standing
   2. Twelve credits in the major
   3. A 3.50 grade point average in the major
   4. A 3.25 cumulative grade point average overall
   5. Recommendation of two faculty members in the major submitted to the chair
2. Program
   1. Completion of the regular major program
   2. SOC 410
3. Evaluation
   1. A 3.50 grade point average in the major at graduation
   2. Presentation of paper from SOC 410 to a colloquium of faculty and students in the major
   3. A grade of "A" or "B" in SOC 410

Sociology courses
Archeological Studies courses
Anthropology courses

Sociology courses

+ above a course number indicates a General Education course.

+ SOC 110/ Cr. 3
The Social World
An analysis of the complex relationship between society, the individual and the physical environment. It examines such questions as: how social patterns develop and persist over time; how the individual is shaped by social, cultural and environmental factors; why societies are constantly changing; and how individuals, through social interaction, shape their social world. Cross-cultural comparisons will be emphasized, showing how society and the physical environment affect the life choices of individuals.

+ SOC 120/ Cr. 3
Social Problems
Social analysis, critical thinking, and problem solving are introduced as basic social science skills. These skills are applied to major contemporary social problems related to deviant behavior, social inequality, social change, and problems associated with major societal institutions. A variety of individual and collective responses and social policy strategies at local, national, and international levels are examined.

SOC 200/ Cr. 3
Sociological Foundations
This course focuses on: (1) the key concepts and perspectives that form the core of sociology as a social science; and (2) the use of sociological ideas and evidence to analyze and explain social events and processes at both macro-social and micro-social levels. This course is required for sociology majors and minors; students should take this course as soon as possible after declaring a sociology major or minor, or if they are considering sociology as a major or minor.

+ SOC 202/ Cr. 3
Contemporary Global Issues
This course will offer a contemporary multi-disciplinary perspective regarding the major issues and trends confronting the Global Society as it enters the 21st century. Emphasis will be given to a critical review and assessment of the origin and present condition of the plethora of situations and problems affecting modern Global Society. The student will also learn to critically evaluate current and future events. The course will incorporate the views and approaches of the following disciplines: sociology/anthropology, economics, geography, political science and history. (Cross listed with ANT/ECO/GEO/ POL/HST 203; may only earn credit in one department.)

SOC 212/ Cr. 3
Marriage and Family
An investigation into the many facets of love and how marriage and family experiences typically alter the nature of marital intimacy. The social construction of our sexual identities is also explored as well as the significance of this process to our quality of life. The major course emphasis is given to understanding the contemporary institutions of marriage and family, and the changes that these institutions are now experiencing. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 216/ Cr. 3
Society and Schools
A social analysis and review of research on the school as a learning environment, a social organization and a societal institution. Specific topics include classroom interaction, school social climate, social inequalities in the schools, and selected educational controversies.

+ SOC 225/ Cr. 3
Racial and Ethnic Minorities
An investigation into the social dynamics shaping racial and ethnic minority experience in America. Processes of prejudice formation and prejudice reduction are discussed. The nature of institutional discrimination and institutional racism is analyzed in proper socio-historical context. Minority group achievements and legacies are emphasized. Contemporary issues and assessment of minority group progress in America are vigorously examined.

SOC 240/ Cr. 3
Sociology of Sport and Leisure
An investigation of the interrelationship between sports/leisure time activities and society's social structure; its institutions and culture. Special emphasis is on the role social structure plays in the formation of values and attitudes related to sports and leisure time activities. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101.

SOC 260/ Cr. 3
Aging: Sociological Perspectives
This course explores the myths and realities of aging as individual, social and cultural processes. A major emphasis addresses contemporary issues which confront the public and the aged in the U.S. The issue areas include family relationships, work and retirement, income, leisure, living arrangements, and political participation. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101.

SOC 300/ Cr. 3
Problems of Developing Nations
An examination of problems in human adaptation in developing countries. The discipline of human systems ecology is presented and used to examine issues of human adaptation in Latin America, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Prerequisite: ANT 203 or SOC 110 or 120 or 200. (Cross-listed with ANT; may only earn credit in ANT or SOC.) Offered Sem. I, even-numbered years.

SOC 302/ Cr. 3
Sociological Analysis
This course is intended to build upon SOC 200, Sociological Foundations, to enhance the conceptual, quantitative and communication skills of sociology students. Students will gain experience at using sociological concepts and theories to analyze selected social issues, be introduced to basic data collection and analysis techniques, gain a detailed familiarity with library resources most useful to sociological inquiry, and learn how to compose a sociological research report. To develop these sociological analysis skills, an emphasis will be placed on providing students with writing experiences in all aspects of the course. Prerequisite: SOC 200. Sociology majors should take this course as soon as possible after completing SOC 200. Offered Sem. II.

SOC 305/ Cr. 3
Sociology of Development and Social Change
This course examines three areas related to social change and development. First is a survey and evaluation of the theories explaining social change and social/economic development as they are applied to underdeveloped nations. Second is an examination of the social/economic problems confronted by underdeveloped countries and the solutions to those problems these countries have used. Third is an evaluation of international development programs. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 308/ Cr. 3
Social History
An exploration of the nature and history of society, focusing on the individual, family, and community. From a global perspective, the purpose of the course is to seek an understanding of American society and the historical context of contemporary concerns about individual character, family life, and community relations. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in HST or SOC.)

SOC 310/ Cr. 3
Social Stratification
The nature, study, theories and types of social stratification systems are examined along with the forces contributing to their maintenance and disruption. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 311/ Cr. 3
Urban Sociology
Introduction to the city as a form of social organization. Relationship of spatial and social configurations. Urbanism as a way of life. Urbanization as a process of becoming city-like (citification). Implications for urban life of public policy and urban planning implementation. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 313/ Cr. 3
Law and Society
Analysis of the origins and functions of law in society. The focus of the course will be upon modern American society and the relationship of law to social change and its impact upon such concerns as civil rights, environmental protection, sex-role differentiation, treatment of handicapped and the mentally ill. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 314/ Cr. 3
Industry and Society
An analysis of the process of industrialization and the consequences that it holds for individuals, their interpersonal relations and their society. An examination of the rationale underlying capitalistic industrial growth and the social consequences this growth has for social stability and conflict. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 315/ Cr. 3
Religion and Society
Explores the social and cultural context in which religion functions; the effects of religion upon behavior and attitudes; the social organization of denominations, sects, cults and movements; the relationships between religion and other social institutions; religion and social inequality; social change and the future of religion. Special attention is given to religion in America, and particularly to contemporary religious movements. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 317/ Cr. 3
Sociology of Film
Examines the industrial and social structure of the film industry, the role of film entertainment in the culture of Western societies and the kinds of social situations portrayed on screen. The course will also examine the appeals of film from the point of view of aesthetics, film theory and popular culture. The focus of the course is upon film as a partial social system influenced by the values of society and influencing changes in the dominant culture. Exemplary films from Hollywood, from foreign countries and from independent documentary film makers will be shown throughout the course. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 320/ Cr. 3
Population Problems
Population and human ecology. Numbers, composition, distribution, migration, growth, and quality of population groups; social, economic and political effects of population changes. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101.

SOC 321/ Cr. 3
Delinquency
Juvenile delinquency as a problem for society. Analysis of causes, prevention, and treatment. Public policy implications of the melioration of this social problem. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 322/ Cr. 3
Criminology
An overview of the sociological study of crime with emphasis on the etiology of criminal behavior in terms of sociological theories. The classification of crime. Societal impact on our understanding of crime and criminals. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 324/ Cr. 3
Criminal Justice
An overview of the United States Criminal Justice system. Issues relating to crime, the administration of justice, the police, courts, and correctional systems are explored. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 325/ Cr. 3
Sociology of Mental Illness
An examination of mental health and illness, and mental health care systems in the U.S. and other industrialized and non-industrialized societies, including: the processes involved in identifying and recruiting patients into the mental health care system; a social analysis of psychotherapy, including talk therapies, medications, electro-convulsive treatment and psychosurgery; and social organization of mental hospitals and of community mental health centers; socio-legal issues related to mental illness; and a review and synthesis of social psychological and sociological theories relevant to understanding mental health and illness. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101 or PSY 100. Offered Sem. II.

SOC 328/ Cr. 3
Environmental Sociology
Environmental Sociology provides a framework for understanding the role of physical-biological factors in shaping social structures and behaviors as well as the impact of social organization and social change on the natural environment. This course will focus on the conflicts between the logic of economic growth and the realities of both the global environment and social justice within and between societies. Offered every fourth semester.

SOC 330/ Cr. 3
Social Psychology
Social psychology from a sociological perspective. Primary attention is given to social behavior and communication patterns in terms of their genesis and change in the context of social groups and social relationships. This course will include research practice. May be taken in lieu of PSY 341. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101.

SOC 334/ Cr. 3
Sociology of Small Groups
An introduction to the understanding and interpreting of human behavior in small groups. The focus of the course will be to provide students with some analytical tools to understand the social dynamics of small groups as well as the techniques for improving the interpersonal effectiveness of the student in small group situations. Actual experience observing small groups in both the sociology small groups laboratory and in field settings. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 335/ Cr. 3
Collective Behavior
A systematic study of social processes which emerge in unstructured social situations; principles of behavior as expressed in crowds, mobs, panics, fads, fashions, social movements, personal organization and behavior in unstructured social situations. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101.

SOC 336/ Cr. 3
Socialization and Identity
Analysis of socialization as a lifelong process in which individual identity is influenced by the changing demands of the social and cultural environment. Special attention is given to identity changes in adulthood, which might result from major status transitions, occupational socialization, social stress situations, resocialization in total institutions, and participation in religious movements. Prerequisites: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101.

SOC 339/ Cr. 3
Contemporary Latin America
An examination of the historical interplay between cultural and developmental factors in the politics of Latin America. Issues of development and underdevelopment are examined and related to regional and international political forces. Prerequisite: POL 101 or 234 or ANT/ECO/GEO/ POL/SOC 202/HST 203 or SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 203. (Cross listed with ANT and POL; may only earn credit in SOC or ANT or POL.)

SOC 350/ Cr. 3
Sociological Research
An overview of the methods and analytical techniques utilized in the scientific investigation of social phenomena and consideration of their applicability and limitations.The laboratory portion of this course requires student application of various research techniques as well as computer-assisted data analysis. Lect. 2, Lab. 2. Prerequisites: MTH 205; SOC 200, 302 or any four 300 or 400 level sociology courses. Social Response to Natural Disaster
A survey of social responses to natural disasters in industrial, modernizing and traditional societies. Social responses to each phase of the disaster process include pre-disaster social structures, warning systems, impact and immediate post-impact, the emergency period and recovery processes. International disaster relief responses are also considered. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101. (Cross listed with ANT; may only earn credit in SOC or ANT.)

SOC 370/ Cr. 3
Sociology of Gender and Sex Roles
A survey of gender and sex roles across cultures with an emphasis on gender roles and sex roles in America. Discussion and lecture topics include the composition of the male/man and female/ woman gender roles as they affect everyday life, the learning of gender roles and the implications of gender roles in the economic and political areas. Sex roles, dealing with one's sexual preference, and their relationship to gender roles will also be discussed. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101 and an additional three credits in sociology.

SOC 390/ Cr. 3
Early Sociological Theory
Critical survey of scholars who contributed to the rise of scientific sociology, focusing on the historical circumstances, the personalities and the ideas of the prominent early sociologists prior to the mid-twentieth century. Particular attention is given to August Comte, Herbert Spencer, Karl Marx, Emile Durkheim, Max Weber, George Herbert Mead, and C. Wright Mills. Prerequisites: SOC 200, 302 or any four 300 or 400 level sociology courses. Offered Sem. II.

SOC 395/ Cr. 3
Contemporary Sociological Theory
Modern sociological theories at the macro- and micro-levels are summarized, compared and applied. Macro-level theories include social evolution, general systems, functionalist, and social conflict theories. Micro-level theories include interaction, self, role, phenomenological, exchange, rational choice, and interaction ritual theories. The linkage of micro- and macro-level theory in sociology is addressed in network and organizational theories. Selected concepts and perspectives are applied in sociological practice projects. Prerequisites: SOC 200, 302 or any four 300 or 400 level sociology courses. Offered Sem. I.

SOC 399/ Cr. 2-3
Sociological Forum
Investigation of areas and topics of current social interest ranging from local and regional to state and national issues. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

SOC 402/ Cr. 3
Clinical Sociology
The practice of utilizing sociological perspectives in clinical sociology involves analysis, design, and implementation of positive social change at any level of social organization from micro to macro. A problem-solving frame guides discussions of intervention skills, practical research, and ethical decision-making in sociological practice careers. Assistance is provided in forming a career focus and practicing clinical sociology skills useful in internships, graduate study, and the search for sociological practice employment upon graduation. Prerequisites: SOC 200, 302 and 350.

SOC 405/ Cr. 3
Applied Sociology
The application of sociology through applied social research begins with social and organizational problems and applies the quantitative and qualitative research methods of sociology in order to provide understanding, perspective, and a sense of direction to decision-makers. Techniques of research design, data collection, and data analysis are presented and practiced with examples such as needs assessments, program evaluations, social impact analysis, and social policy analysis. Prerequisites: SOC 110 or 120, and 350.

SOC 409/ Cr. 2-3
Readings and Research in Sociology
Directed readings or research under the supervision of an instructor. Prerequisites: consent of supervising instructor and junior standing. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

SOC 410/ Cr. 3
Sociology Honors Project
The development and completion of an honors research project under the supervision of a faculty member. Open only to students who have been accepted into the Sociology Honors Program. Registration by consent of instructor.

SOC 411/ Cr. 3
Social Power and Social Control
An analysis of the origins, distribution, and uses of power in human societies. Study of intra- and inter-societal conflict and political change. The nature of cultural techniques of social control and their limitations. A specific and detailed analysis of power and social control in contemporary American society. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200, or ANT 101 and one other course in sociology.

SOC 412/ Cr. 3
Community Organization
The nature of social organization in communities, organization for planning and methods used, and the relation of the community to the larger social organizations. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 417/ Cr. 3
Science, Technology and Society
The sociological analysis of science as an institutionalized arrangement for producing, disseminating and validating belief systems and knowledge; includes coverage of (1) the nature, history and social organization of the physical and social sciences, (2) science, technology and social change, (3) the social control of science and the utilization of scientific knowledge, (4) the nature and consequences of a technocratic social order, and related issues. Prerequisites: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101, two courses in natural sciences, junior or senior standing.

SOC 420/ Cr. 3
Health Care and Illness
A survey of the social organization of medical professions, socialization of personnel, sick role dynamics, social construction of illness, lay referral networks, political factors in health care delivery, and problems of various age groups and families in coping with illness in several societies. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 422/ Cr. 3
Death, Grief and Bereavement
The interaction of individuals coping with dying and death in various social settings will be considered in terms of social scientific theories of death, attitudes and approaches toward death, reactions to death experiences, and societal organization of death. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200.

SOC 429/ Cr. 3
Sociology of Deviance
Personal, social and cultural systems that generate atypical forms of social action/reaction can be subsumed under a sociology of deviance. This course should offer the student further study of the "problems" courses--delinquency, criminology, population, corrections, etc. Prerequisites: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 and one other sociology course.

SOC 450/ Cr. 3-15
Internship in Sociology
An academically relevant field experience for majors and minors in ociology/anthropology. The field experience will be supervised by the sociology/anthropology staff. Prerequisites: SOC 200, 302, junior standing with an overall GPA of at least 2.50. No more than six credits may be applied to a major in sociology and no more than three credits toward a sociology minor or an anthropology minor. Repeatable for credit--maximum 15. Pass/Fail grading.

SOC 475/575/ Cr. 1-3
Workshop in Applied Sociology
Intensive short-term study of a problem area in terms of applied sociology framework. The workshops would focus on integration of the latest social science findings and their application to problem-solving in various institutional and community settings. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

SOC 480/ Cr. 3
Comparative Sociology/Anthropology
Cross-cultural and comparative study of selected basic institutions, including family and kinship, religion, the political economy, and technology. General evolutionary theory and comparative methodology will also be discussed. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101. (Cross listed with ANT; may only earn credit in SOC or ANT.)

SOC 499/ Cr. 2-3
Seminar in Sociology
Intensive study of some specific area or problem of sociology. Admission by consent of instructor. Prerequisites: SOC 200, 302 and 350. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

Archeological Studies courses

+ above a course number indicates a General Education course.

+ ARC 100/ Cr. 3
Archaeology: Discovering Our Past
This course is an introduction to the fascinating world of archaeology designed as a detailed exploration of the methods used to learn about past human lifeways before written records. Each student will be involved in the process of discovering our past.

ARC 200/ Cr. 3
World Archaeology--The Story of Our Past
A survey course which examines the origin and development of human cultures from earliest Paleolithic times to the great ancient civilizations. An emphasis will be placed on how these evolutionary developments represent changing patterns of human adaptation to the social and natural environment.

ARC 204/ Cr. 3
Ancient Literate Civilizations
An historical and archaeological study of ancient Eurasia and North Africa, including a survey of the major archaeological sites. Topics such as the development of urbanization in the Near East and Mediterranean, and comparative studies of the Indus civilization, China, Classical Greece, Rome, and the New World will be discussed. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.)

ARC 205/ Cr. 3
North American Archaeology
An intensive survey of the prehistoric cultures of North America from the time of the initial peopling of the New World to the period of European contact. Major archaeological sites will be critically examined and an interdisciplinary approach will be stressed. There will be field trips to archaeological sites and/or museums. Prerequisite: ARC 200 recommended.

ARC 265/ Cr. 3
Ancient Egypt
A survey of the archaeology and history of ancient Egypt which will emphasize Egyptian Civilization and its development. An emphasis will be placed on the adaptive aspects of Egyptian culture as well as the spectacular legacy of one of the world's greatest ancient civilizations. Prerequisite: ARC 200 or ARC/HST 204 recommended. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.)

ARC 275/ Cr. 3
Ancient Britain and Ireland
Exploration of the fascinating archaeological heritage of the British Isles and Ireland from the earliest Stone Age inhabitants to the end of the Roman Occupation. Prerequisite: ARC 200 and/or ARC/HST 204 recommended. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.)

ARC 285/ Cr. 3
Archaeology of Mexico and Central America
This course offers the student an overview of the evolution of the civilizations of ancient Meso-america (Mexico and Central America) from the earliest stages of hunting and food gathering until the conquest of Mesoamerica by Spain in the early 16th century. The course describes the social and economic life as organized by a complex religion which produced human sacrifice, writing, calendrical systems, advanced art forms, iconography, and monument building activities. (Cross listed with ANT; may only earn credit in ARC or ANT.)

ARC 304/ Cr. 3
Hunter and Gatherer Societies
This course focuses on recent human societies throughout the world that have lived by hunting and gathering wild resources. The specific subsistence strategies of a wide range of hunter-gatherer groups are examined relative to their technology, social structure, territory, demography and interaction with food producers. The conclusion of this course will consider hunter-gatherers in prehistory. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. (Cross listed with ANT; may only earn credit in ARC or ANT.)

ARC 310/ Cr. 3
Midwest Archaeology
This course will focus on the human occupation in the Midwest/Great Lakes region over the past 12,000 years. Emphasis will be given to the dynamic quality of cultural adaptation and social organization. The cultural developments leading to the Middle Woodland and Mississippi climaxes in the region are to be stressed. Prerequisite: ARC 200 recommended.

ARC 331/ Cr. 3
The Ancient Greek World
An historical and archaeological survey of the ancient Greek world (Greece proper, the Aegean Islands, southern Italy, western Turkey). Periods discussed will include Cretan (Minoan), Mycenaean, Archaic, Classical, Hellenistic, and Early Greek Christian. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.) Offered every fourth semester.

ARC 332/ Cr. 3
Ancient Rome and the Mediterranean
An historical and archaeological survey of the ancient Mediterranean area (with emphasis on the Italian peninsula) from the founding of the city of Rome to the collapse of the western Roman Empire in the 5th century A.C.E. Periods discussed will include: Italy in the Neolithic period, the founding of Rome, Etruscan Domination, the Roman Republic, the Roman Principate/ Empire, and the advent of Roman Christianity. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.) Offered every fourth semester.

ARC 333/ Cr. 3
Methods and Theory in Archaeology
This course surveys the fundamental techniques, methods, and theoretical frameworks of contemporary prehistoric archaeology including survey and excavation, analysis and interpretation of archaeological remains, age determination, and explanation of prehistoric cultural patterns and the history of archaeology. There will be field trips to archaeological sites and/or museums. Prerequisite: ARC 200.

ARC 340/ Cr. 3
The Rise and Fall of Ancient Civilizations
A historical and archaeological study of the nature of the origin of ancient civilizations and causes for their decline and fall. Numerous case studies will be surveyed, including the rise and fall of Sumerian, Egyptian, Iranian, Hittite, Harappan, Israelite, Chinese, Minoan, Classical Greek and Roman, and New World civilizations, among others. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.)

ARC 350/ Cr. 1-6
Independent Foreign Research in Archaeology
An individually designed, directed archaeological research project in a foreign country dealing with a significant field, laboratory, museum, or archival/library research problem. The course permits in-depth, independent research using foreign sources, facilities, and resource persons. Requires a high degree of motivation and the ability to work independently. Prerequisite: INS 250, junior or senior standing, and consent of the department of sociology/archaeology. Only three credits may apply to the major.

ARC 365/ Cr. 3
Ancient Iraq
A historical and archaeological survey of ancient Iraq (Syro-Mesopotamia) from its prehistoric origin in the neolithic period to the Seleucid period. Ethnic groups discussed will include the Sumerians, Akkadians, Babylonians, Assyrians, Kassites, Amorites, Chaldeans, and Elamites. Topics will include the rise of urbanism, cuneiform writing, religion, literature, displaced persons, gender relations, and social structure. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.)

ARC 366/ Cr. 3
Ancient Israel
A historical and archaeological survey of coastal Syria and Palestine from the neolithic period to the Roman conquest. Various ethnic groups discussed will include the Eblaites, Phoenicians, Philistines, Canaanites, Arameans, Israelites, Samaritans, and Judeans. Special emphasis will be placed on putting biblical history in its Palestinian context. Topics will include social structure, gender relations, religion, and literature. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.)

ARC 372/ Cr. 3
History of Women in the Ancient World
A history of the nature and status of women in the ancient world as derived from textual sources, including works of literature, private letters, economic documents, and tomb inscriptions. Areas studied will be Syro-Mesopotamia, Israel, Iran, Anatolia, Egypt, and the Mediterranean world. Also discussed will be the study of women as derived from archaeological sources. (Cross listed with HST; may only earn credit in ARC or HST.) Offered Sem. II.

ARC 390/590/ Cr. 2
Archaeology for Teachers
This course explores methods and resources for applying archaeology in the regular precollegiate classroom. A brief overview of the science of archaeology, and the pre-European cultures of Wisconsin and Minnesota is provided. Offered Sem. II and Summer Session.

ARC 391/591/ Cr. 2
Archaeology Field School for Teachers
Participants will experience the basic skills used in the excavation of archaeological sites, including surveying techniques, methods of excavation, compilation of field data and laboratory analysis. Practical application of the skills will be related to the classroom of the precollegiate instructor. Repeatable for credit--maximum 8. Prerequisite: ARC 390. Offered Summer Session.

ARC 392/592/ Cr. 2
Archaeology Laboratory Methods for Teachers
Taking a hands-on approach to analyzing and interpreting archaeological remains, the class will integrate lectures with demonstrations, experiments, and supervised laboratory projects. Study will focus on the potential for interpreting human lifeways and adaptations to the environment from stone tools, ceramics, floral, and faunal remains. Practical application fo the interpretation process will be related to the classroom of the precollegiate instructor. Prerequisite: ARC 391. Offered Sem. I, even-numbered years.

ARC 399/599/ Cr. 1-3
Special Topics in Archaeology
Investigation of areas and topics of current archaeological interest not covered in the regular curriculum, ranging from local and regional to global archaeological issues and topics. Prerequisite: ARC 200. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

ARC 402/ Cr. 6-8
Field Methods in Archaeology
Practical application of the basic skills used in the excavation of archaeological sites, including surveying techniques, methods of excavation, compilation of field data, and laboratory analysis. Enrollment by permission of instructor. ARC 200 recommended. Offered Summer Session.

ARC 403/ Cr. 3
Archaeology Lab Methods
Taking a hands-on approach to analyzing and interpreting archaeological remains, the class will integrate lectures with demonstrations, experiments, and supervised laboratory projects. Study will focus on the potential for interpreting human lifeways and adaptations to the environment from stone tools, ceramics, floral, and faunal remains. Prerequisite: ARC 200; recommended ARC 205, 310 or 402. Offered Sem. I, even-numbered years.

ARC 404/ Cr. 3
Environmental Archaeology
This course investigates the relationship between prehistoric human societies and their biotic communities. An array of techniques using plant and animal remains from archaeological contexts to reconstruct aspects of ancient environments, climates, and human subsistence patterns are examined. Applications of environmental data toward the understanding of human settlement and subsistence systems are discussed. Prerequisites: ARC 200, junior or senior standing.

ARC 409/609/ Cr. 2-3
Readings and Research in Archaeology
Directed readings or research under the super-vision of an instructor. Prerequisites: ARC 200 or 390, consent of supervising instructor, junior standing. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

ARC 433/ Cr. 3
History of Archaeology
A study of the history of archaeology from its antiquarian past to the present. The course will include both a survey of the intellectual development of the field and the great discoveries that accompanied each phase of these developments and the social and intellectual contexts in which they occurred. Prerequisite: ARC 200.

ARC 435/ Cr. 3
Cultural Resources Management
This course studies the history of and current issues in the preservation of archaeological and historical sites. Current situations in the upper Midwest will be addressed. Application of exercises involving the processes of contract archaeology will be emphasized. Prerequisite: ARC 200; recommended ARC 205 or 310 or 333 or 402.

ARC 450/ Cr. 1-15
Internship in Archaeology
An academically relevant field experience for archaeology students. The experience will involve direct participation in excavation, laboratory analysis, or other aspects of archaeological science including museum work, supervised by an archaeologist or professional of a related discipline. Prerequisites: junior or senior standing with a GPA of at least 3.00 and approval of the department. Repeatable for credit--maximum 15. Only three credits can apply to the major. Pass/Fail grading.

ARC 499/ Cr. 3
Senior Project in Archaeology
This course is the last course in the archaeological studies major course sequence and is normally taken during the student's final semester. The course is designed to assist the student in completing the graduation requirement of the senior project. Prerequisite: senior standing and prior agreement with project adviser. Pass/Fail grading.

Anthropology courses

+ above a course number indicates a General Education course.

+ ANT 101/ Cr. 3
Human Nature/Human Culture
This course is designed to focus student participation on discovering and understanding what it means to be human. The interdependency of human biology and culture are deciphered through a modern anthropological perspective.

+ ANT 202/ Cr. 3
Contemporary Global Issues
This course will offer a contemporary multi-disciplinary perspective regarding the major issues and trends confronting the global society as it enters the 21st century. Emphasis will be given to a critical review and assessment of the origin and present condition of the plethora of situations and problems affecting modern global society. The student will also learn to critically evaluate current and future events. The course will incorporate the views and approaches of the following disciplines: sociology/anthropology, economics, geography, political science, and history. (Cross listed with ECO/GEO/POL/ SOC 202/HST 203; may only earn credit in one department.)

ANT 203/ Cr. 3
Culture and Ecology
This course is an introduction to anthropological theory regarding the evolution of human institutions from 10,000 years ago to the present. It begins with an examination of human systems ecology and then moves on to the comparative study of bands and tribes, chiefdoms and states. The section on chiefdoms and states focuses primarily on Mesoamerica. The impact of modern society on prehistoric societies is studied by focusing on the Conquest by Spain, the consequent devolution of colonial society and the impact of modern institutions on central Mexico. Offered Sem. I.

ANT 250/ Cr. 3
Women and Society
A comparative and evolutionary analysis of the development of sex roles in human society, concentrating on the experience of females. Considers sexual dimorphism; symbolic background of gender; relationships between techno-economy, social structure, political organization and women's roles; personality and sex roles; and the experience of women in America.

ANT 285/ Cr. 3
Archaeology of Mexico and Central America
This course offers the student an overview of the evolution of the civilizations of ancient Meso-america (Mexico and Central America) from the earliest stages of hunting and food gathering until the conquest of Mesoamerica by Spain in the early 16th century. The course describes the social and economic life as organized by a complex religion which produced human sacrifice, writing, calendrical systems, advanced art forms, iconography, and monument building activities. (Cross listed with ARC; may only earn credit in ANT or ARC.) Offered Sem.II, even-numbered years.

ANT 300/ Cr. 3
Problems of Developing Nations
An examination of problems in human adaptation in developing countries. The discipline of human systems ecology is presented and used to examine issues of human adaptation in Latin America, the Middle East, Africa, and Asia. Prerequisite: ANT 203 or SOC 110 or 120 or 200. (Cross listed with SOC; may only earn credit in ANT or SOC.) Offered Sem. I, even-numbered years.

ANT 304/ Cr. 3
Hunter and Gatherer Societies
This course focuses on recent human societies throughout the world that have lived by hunting and gathering wild resources. The specific subsistence strategies of a wide range of hunter-gatherer groups are examined relative to their technology, social structure, territory, demography and interaction with food producers. The conclusion of this course will consider hunter-gatherers in prehistory. Prerequisite: junior or senior standing. (Cross listed with ARC; may only earn credit in ARC or ANT.)

ANT 331/ Cr. 3
Personality and Culture
Study of child rearing and the development of the personality under different cultural conditions. Consideration of the operation of personality within culture, and the relationship between culture change, individual stress, and the development of social movements. Prerequisite: ANT 203.

ANT 332/ Cr. 3
Physical Anthropology
Terms and concepts of evolutionary theory, description and analysis of fossil primates (human and non-human), the relationship between cultural and evolutionary processes, genetics and evolution (heredity, raciation), human sexual differences, and on-going evolutionary events. Prerequisite: ARC 200.

ANT 339/ Cr. 3
Contemporary Latin America
An examination of the historical interplay between cultural and developmental factors in the politics of Latin America. Issues of development and underdevelopment are examined and related to regional and international political forces. Prerequisite: POL 101 or 234 or ANT/ECO/GEO/ POL/SOC 202/HST 203 or SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 203. (Cross listed with SOC and POL; may only earn credit in ANT or SOC or POL.)

ANT 342/ Cr. 3
The Celtic World
Examines origins and dynamic development of Celtic tribes dominating pre-Roman Britain and Europe through the study of physical and social organization, ecological adaptations, religion, art and literature, music, gender, and resistance to Roman occupation. Traces Celtic themes through early Christian and medieval periods to the modern world. Explores Celtic survivals, revivals, and nationalism today, and considers Celtic contributions to U.S. history and culture.

ANT 343/ Cr. 3
North American Indians
This course concentrates on the Native peoples of North America (north of Mexico) immediately following the arrival of Europeans. The cultural patterns of representative groups will be studied intensively in each major region of North America. The region by region survey will be preceded by a brief discussion of the place of origin and time of arrival of the first people in the New World. This course will not be considering contemporary Native American issues. Prerequisite: ARC 200 recommended.

ANT 350/ Cr. 3
Language and Culture
An investigation into the nature and origins of language, its relationship to other forms of communication, its role in the evolution of our species, and its place in the operation of cultural systems.

ANT 352/ Cr. 3
The Anthropology of War
The Anthropology of War examines bio-cultural processes in human evolutionary history and forces in the cultural present contributing to and associated with the emergence and recurrence of war and institutional violence.

ANT 355/ Cr. 3
Peoples of Africa
An area course examining the societal and cultural variations in Africa south of the Sahara. Emphasis is placed on African social structure, religion and belief systems prior to European contact. Prerequisite: ANT 101 or SOC 110.

ANT 356/ Cr. 3
Peoples of Oceania
An area course designed to survey selected cultures of Micronesia, Melanesia, and the Polynesian Triangle. Prerequisite: ANT 101 or SOC 110. One additional course in anthropology (beyond ANT 101) is recommended.

ANT 360/ Cr. 3
Social Response to Natural Disaster
A survey of social responses to natural disasters in industrial, modernizing and traditional societies. Social responses to each phase of the disaster process include pre-disaster social structures, warning systems, impact and immediate post-impact, the emergency period and recovery processes. International disaster relief responses are also considered. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101. (Cross listed with SOC may only earn credit in SOC or ANT.)

ANT 399/ Cr. 1-3
Anthropological Forum
Investigation of areas and topics of current anthropological interest not covered in the regular curriculum, ranging from local and regional to transcultural issues. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

ANT 409/ Cr. 1-3
Readings and Research in Anthropology
Directed readings or research under the supervision of an instructor. Prerequisites: consent of supervising instructor and junior standing. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.

ANT 444/ Cr. 3
Comparative Religion and Magic
Religion and magic in human cultural system: origins, adaptations, and change. Analysis of primitive, traditional, modern, and western societies.

ANT 450/ Cr. 3-15
Internship in Anthropology
An academically relevant field experience for majors and minors in ociology/anthropology. The field experience will be supervised by the sociology/anthropology staff. Prerequisites: junior standing with at least a 2.50 G.P.A. and approval of the departmental internship committee. No more than six credits may be applied to a major in sociology and no more than three credits toward a sociology minor or an anthropology minor. Repeatable for credit--maximum 15. Pass/Fail grading.

ANT 480/ Cr. 3
Comparative Sociology/Anthropology
Cross-cultural and comparative study of selected basic institutions, including family and kinship, religion, the political economy, and technology. General evolutionary theory and comparative methodology will also be discussed. Prerequisite: SOC 110 or 120 or 200 or ANT 101.(Cross listed with SOC; may only earn credit in ANT or SOC.)

ANT 499/ Cr. 2-3
Seminar in Anthropology
Intensive study of some specific area or problem of anthropology. Admission by consent of instructor. Repeatable for credit--maximum 6.